BBED(Oracle Block Browser and Editor)是著名的oracle block查看和编辑工具，默认密码是blockedit。通过这个工具我们可以了解块的结构，进而更好的理解和学习，学好Oracle。看看DSI文档也是可以的，但是不建议初学者去看，看过后时间长了，不用会容易忘记的。当你掌握了块的结构，再掌握一门编程语言就更好了，可以开发关于块的工具（块查看工具，恢复数据库的工具等）。很多第三方的工具都是在解析了块的结构后，用不同的编程语言开发，有用java开发的，C语言开发的等。首先我们需要10g(10g之后不再提供)上面的2个库文件，然后复制到你需要安装的server，编译即可。下面我们看一下如何去安装和使用。
BBED库文件(Linux 32bit and 64bit)
安装BBED
-bash-4.2$ cp sbbdpt.o ssbbded.o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
-bash-4.2$ cp bbedus.msb $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg
-bash-4.2$
-bash-4.2$ make -f $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk BBED=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed
Linking BBED utility (bbed) rm -f /pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/bbed /pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/orald -o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/bbed -m64 -z noexecstack -Wl,--disable-new-dtags -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/ -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/stubs/ /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/s0main.o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -ldbtools12 -lclntsh -lclntshcore `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnro12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnnz12 -lzt12 -lztkg12 -lztkg12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12 -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12 -lmm -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnro12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12 -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12 -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib -lm `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib-bash-4.2$ which bbed
~/product/121/bin/bbed
-bash-4.2$ bbed help=y
PASSWORD - Required parameter FILENAME - Database file name BLOCKSIZE - Database block size LISTFILE - List file name MODE - [browse/edit] SPOOL - Spool to logfile [no/yes] CMDFILE - BBED command file name LOGFILE - BBED log file name PARFILE - Parameter file name BIFILE - BBED before-image file name REVERT - Rollback changes from BIFILE [no/yes] SILENT - Hide banner [no/yes] HELP - Show all valid parameters [no/yes]
-bash-4.2$ bbed
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Wed Mar 2 21:11:38 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> help all
SET DBA [ dba | file#, block# ]
SET FILENAME 'filename'
SET FILE file#
SET BLOCK [+/-]block#
SET OFFSET [ [+/-]byte offset | symbol | *symbol ]
SET BLOCKSIZE bytes
SET LIST[FILE] 'filename'
SET WIDTH character_count
SET COUNT bytes_to_display
SET IBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET OBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET MODE [ BROWSE | EDIT ]
SET SPOOL [ Y | N ]
SHOW [ <SET parameter> | ALL ]
INFO
MAP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK ]
DUMP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK | OFFSET | COUNT ]
PRINT[/x|d|u|o|c] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
EXAMINE[/Nuf] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
</Nuf>:
N - a number which specifies a repeat count.
u - a letter which specifies a unit size:
b - b1, ub1 (byte)
h - b2, ub2 (half-word)
w - b4, ub4(word)
r - Oracle table/index row
f - a letter which specifies a display format:
x - hexadecimal
d - decimal
u - unsigned decimal
o - octal
c - character (native)
n - Oracle number
t - Oracle date
i - Oracle rowid
FIND[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string [ TOP | CURR ]
COPY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] TO [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
MODIFY[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string
[ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
ASSIGN[/x|d|u|o] <target spec>=<source spec>
<target spec> : [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
<source spec> : [ value | <target spec options> ]
SUM [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] [ APPLY ]
PUSH [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET ]
POP [ALL]
REVERT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
UNDO
HELP [ <bbed command> | ALL ]
VERIFY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
CORRUPT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
BBED>
使用BBED
-bash-4.2$ cat par
mode=browse
listfile=files.txt
-bash-4.2$ cat files.txt
1 /oradata/pemrep/system01.dbf
2 /oradata/pemrep/sysaux01.dbf
3 /oradata/pemrep/undotbs01.dbf
4 /oradata/pemrep/users01.dbf
5 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt_depot.dbf
6 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt.dbf
7 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt_ad4j.dbf
-bash-4.2$ bbed parfile=par
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Wed Mar 2 22:33:13 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED>
不同版本的数据库，数据文件头部的内容也不尽相同。10g头部文件使用了676 bytes字节，11g的头部使用了860bytes，而12c的头部使用了1112 bytes。
头部文件的相关的内部表为X$KCVFH
11g BBED输出
BBED> map /v
File: /oradata/gold/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 1 Dba:0x00400001
------------------------------------------------------------
Data File Header
struct kcvfh, 860 bytes @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kcvfhcrt @108
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kcvfhbti @124
struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes @128
ub2 kcvfhbth @136
ub2 kcvfhsta @138
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140
ub4 kcvfhrts @144
ub4 kcvfhccc @148
struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes @152
ub4 kcvfhbhz @312
struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes @316
sword kcvfhtsn @332
ub2 kcvfhtln @336
text kcvfhtnm[30] @338
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368
struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes @372
ub4 kcvfhrft @380
struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes @384
ub4 kcvfhbbc @392
ub4 kcvfhncb @396
ub4 kcvfhmcb @400
ub4 kcvfhlcb @404
ub4 kcvfhbcs @408
ub2 kcvfhofb @412
ub2 kcvfhnfb @414
ub4 kcvfhprc @416
struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes @420
struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes @428
ub4 kcvfhtrt @444
ub4 tailchk @8188
BBED> p kcvfhstruct kcvfh, 860 bytes @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0
ub1 type_kcbh @0 0x0b
ub1 frmt_kcbh @1 0xa2
ub1 spare1_kcbh @2 0x00
ub1 spare2_kcbh @3 0x00
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x00400001
ub4 bas_kcbh @8 0x00000000
ub2 wrp_kcbh @12 0x0000
ub1 seq_kcbh @14 0x01
ub1 flg_kcbh @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
ub2 chkval_kcbh @16 0x8fe7
ub2 spare3_kcbh @18 0x0000
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20
ub4 kccfhswv @20 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcvn @24 0x0b200400
ub4 kccfhdbi @28 0xff6e9791
text kccfhdbn[0] @32 G
text kccfhdbn[1] @33 O
text kccfhdbn[2] @34 L
text kccfhdbn[3] @35 D
text kccfhdbn[4] @36
text kccfhdbn[5] @37
text kccfhdbn[6] @38
text kccfhdbn[7] @39
ub4 kccfhcsq @40 0x00001009
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00015e00
s_blkz kccfhbsz @48 0x00
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x0001
ub2 kccfhtyp @54 0x0003
ub4 kccfhacid @56 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcks @60 0x00000000
text kccfhtag[0] @64
text kccfhtag[1] @65
text kccfhtag[2] @66
text kccfhtag[3] @67
text kccfhtag[4] @68
text kccfhtag[5] @69
text kccfhtag[6] @70
text kccfhtag[7] @71
text kccfhtag[8] @72
text kccfhtag[9] @73
text kccfhtag[10] @74
text kccfhtag[11] @75
text kccfhtag[12] @76
text kccfhtag[13] @77
text kccfhtag[14] @78
text kccfhtag[15] @79
text kccfhtag[16] @80
text kccfhtag[17] @81
text kccfhtag[18] @82
text kccfhtag[19] @83
text kccfhtag[20] @84
text kccfhtag[21] @85
text kccfhtag[22] @86
text kccfhtag[23] @87
text kccfhtag[24] @88
text kccfhtag[25] @89
text kccfhtag[26] @90
text kccfhtag[27] @91
text kccfhtag[28] @92
text kccfhtag[29] @93
text kccfhtag[30] @94
text kccfhtag[31] @95
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96 0x00400208
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x00000008
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhcrt @108 0x32e1909d
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112 0x32e19091
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00000001
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhbti @124 0x00000000
struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes @128
ub4 kscnbas @128 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @132 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhbth @136 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhsta @138 0x2004 (KCVFHOFZ)
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x002410d1
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x346a2bb2
ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001
union u, 12 bytes @500
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @500
ub4 kcrbaseq @500 0x00000085
ub4 kcrbabno @504 0x00000002
ub2 kcrbabof @508 0x0010
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @512 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @513 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @514 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @515 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @516 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @517 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @518 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @519 0x00
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x000000cb
ub4 kcvfhrts @144 0x345adca0
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x000000ca
struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes @152
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @152
ub4 kscnbas @152 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @156 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @160 0x00000000
ub2 kcvcpthr @164 0x0000
union u, 12 bytes @168
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @168
ub4 kcrbaseq @168 0x00000000
ub4 kcrbabno @172 0x00000000
ub2 kcrbabof @176 0x0000
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @180 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @181 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @182 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @183 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @184 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @185 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @186 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @187 0x00
ub4 kcvfhbhz @312 0x00000000
struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes @316
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0] @316 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1] @320 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2] @324 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3] @328 0x00000000
sword kcvfhtsn @332 0
ub2 kcvfhtln @336 0x0006
text kcvfhtnm[0] @338 S
text kcvfhtnm[1] @339 Y
text kcvfhtnm[2] @340 S
text kcvfhtnm[3] @341 T
text kcvfhtnm[4] @342 E
text kcvfhtnm[5] @343 M
text kcvfhtnm[6] @344
text kcvfhtnm[7] @345
text kcvfhtnm[8] @346
text kcvfhtnm[9] @347
text kcvfhtnm[10] @348
text kcvfhtnm[11] @349
text kcvfhtnm[12] @350
text kcvfhtnm[13] @351
text kcvfhtnm[14] @352
text kcvfhtnm[15] @353
text kcvfhtnm[16] @354
text kcvfhtnm[17] @355
text kcvfhtnm[18] @356
text kcvfhtnm[19] @357
text kcvfhtnm[20] @358
text kcvfhtnm[21] @359
text kcvfhtnm[22] @360
text kcvfhtnm[23] @361
text kcvfhtnm[24] @362
text kcvfhtnm[25] @363
text kcvfhtnm[26] @364
text kcvfhtnm[27] @365
text kcvfhtnm[28] @366
text kcvfhtnm[29] @367
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368 0x00000001
struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes @372
ub4 kscnbas @372 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @376 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhrft @380 0x00000000
struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes @384
ub4 kscnbas @384 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @388 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhbbc @392 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhncb @396 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhmcb @400 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhlcb @404 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhbcs @408 0x00000000
ub2 kcvfhofb @412 0x000a
ub2 kcvfhnfb @414 0x000a
ub4 kcvfhprc @416 0x00000000
struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes @420
ub4 kscnbas @420 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @424 0x0000
struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes @428
ub4 kscnbas @428 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @432 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhtrt @444 0x00000000
BBED>12c BBED输出
BBED> map /v
File: /oradata/pemrep/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 1 Dba:0x00400001
------------------------------------------------------------
Data File Header
struct kcvfh, 1112 bytes @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kcvfhcrt @108
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116
ub4 kcvfhbti @124
struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes @128
ub2 kcvfhbth @136
ub2 kcvfhsta @138
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140
ub4 kcvfhrts @144
ub4 kcvfhccc @148
struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes @152
ub4 kcvfhbhz @312
struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes @316
sword kcvfhtsn @332
ub2 kcvfhtln @336
text kcvfhtnm[30] @338
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368
struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes @372
ub4 kcvfhrft @380
struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes @384
ub4 kcvfhbbc @392
ub4 kcvfhncb @396
ub4 kcvfhmcb @400
ub4 kcvfhlcb @404
ub4 kcvfhbcs @408
ub2 kcvfhofb @412
ub2 kcvfhnfb @414
ub4 kcvfhprc @416
struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes @420
struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes @428
ub4 kcvfhtrt @444
ub4 tailchk @8188
BBED> p kcvfhstruct kcvfh, 1112 bytes @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0
ub1 type_kcbh @0 0x0b
ub1 frmt_kcbh @1 0xa2
ub1 spare1_kcbh @2 0x00
ub1 spare2_kcbh @3 0x00
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x00400001
ub4 bas_kcbh @8 0x00000000
ub2 wrp_kcbh @12 0x0000
ub1 seq_kcbh @14 0x01
ub1 flg_kcbh @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
ub2 chkval_kcbh @16 0x6b53
ub2 spare3_kcbh @18 0x0000
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20
ub4 kccfhswv @20 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcvn @24 0x0c100200
ub4 kccfhdbi @28 0x75bafd9b
text kccfhdbn[0] @32 P
text kccfhdbn[1] @33 E
text kccfhdbn[2] @34 M
text kccfhdbn[3] @35 R
text kccfhdbn[4] @36 E
